近日,發改委、國家能源局聯合印發了《關于建立健全煤(mei)炭(tan)最(zui)低(di)庫(ku)存和最(zui)高庫(ku)存制(zhi)度的指導意見(試行(xing)(xing))》和《煤(mei)炭(tan)最(zui)低(di)庫(ku)存和最(zui)高庫(ku)存制(zhi)度考(kao)核辦(ban)法(試行(xing)(xing))》。
發(fa)改委(wei)表示(shi),最低庫(ku)存(cun)和最高(gao)庫(ku)存(cun)制度(du)能(neng)夠有(you)(you)效(xiao)增強煤(mei)(mei)炭(tan)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)保障(zhang)的(de)(de)穩定性,減(jian)少價格(ge)大(da)幅波動。第一,能(neng)夠發(fa)揮(hui)蓄水池的(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)。庫(ku)存(cun)制度(du)通(tong)過構(gou)建(jian)多層次的(de)(de)煤(mei)(mei)炭(tan)市場(chang)儲備體系,提升社(she)會整體庫(ku)存(cun)水平(ping),能(neng)夠在一定程(cheng)度(du)上熨平(ping)產運(yun)需各(ge)環節因(yin)突發(fa)因(yin)素等引起的(de)(de)市場(chang)波動,增強煤(mei)(mei)炭(tan)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)保障(zhang)的(de)(de)彈性。第二,能(neng)夠發(fa)揮(hui)調節器的(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)。當煤(mei)(mei)炭(tan)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過于(yu)求、價格(ge)下跌時(shi),通(tong)過設立最低庫(ku)存(cun),引導煤(mei)(mei)炭(tan)產供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)需各(ge)方多存(cun)煤(mei)(mei),有(you)(you)利(li)于(yu)促進供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)需平(ping)衡;當煤(mei)(mei)炭(tan)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)不應(ying)(ying)求、價格(ge)上漲(zhang)時(shi),通(tong)過設立最高(gao)庫(ku)存(cun),有(you)(you)利(li)于(yu)防止(zhi)產供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)需各(ge)方特別是中間環節囤積惜售,加劇市場(chang)失衡,造成價格(ge)劇烈波動。第三,能(neng)夠發(fa)揮(hui)警戒線的(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)。庫(ku)存(cun)制度(du)對企業(ye)存(cun)煤(mei)(mei)進行規范,在有(you)(you)利(li)于(yu)上下游企業(ye)保持(chi)連續(xu)性平(ping)穩生產的(de)(de)同時(shi),為相關部門開展煤(mei)(mei)炭(tan)市場(chang)監管提供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)參(can)考依據。
發改(gai)委相關負責人表示,當(dang)前煤炭(tan)市場供給總(zong)體平(ping)穩,價格(ge)呈現穩中趨降的態勢,港口、電廠存煤均處于較高(gao)(gao)水平(ping)。10月中旬以來,秦(qin)皇島港口煤炭(tan)庫存連續一個(ge)多月保持在高(gao)(gao)位(wei),較去年同(tong)期大幅增長;截至(zhi)12月4日(ri),全國統調電廠煤炭(tan)庫存近(jin)1.18億噸,可用天數23天;加之今年各地高(gao)(gao)度重視(shi)迎峰度冬(dong)煤炭(tan)保障,備冬(dong)儲煤工作比較主動超(chao)前,重點地區的庫存遠高(gao)(gao)于往年同(tong)期水平(ping),這些(xie)都為庫存制度的出臺和實施提供了有利條件。