中(zhong)(zhong)證網訊(xun)   中(zhong)(zhong)國證券報記者從十二屆全(quan)國人大四次(ci)會議新(xin)聞(wen)中(zhong)(zhong)心了解到，全(quan)國人大代(dai)表(biao)王鵬杰建(jian)議完善(shan)PPP模式相關法律(lv)法規(gui)，并建(jian)立PPP項目多(duo)層次(ci)監管體系。

　　王鵬杰表示(shi)，目前國內多地(di)建立了(le)省(sheng)級(ji)PPP試(shi)點中(zhong)心，設立了(le)省(sheng)級(ji)PPP融(rong)資(zi)支持(chi)基金，PPP推廣運(yun)用(yong)工作取得(de)顯(xian)著進展。但各地(di)PPP項(xiang)(xiang)目在(zai)(zai)實際操作中(zhong)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)諸多問(wen)題(ti)(ti)。包括：合同條款不完善，邊界責任模(mo)糊。部(bu)分(fen)PPP項(xiang)(xiang)目在(zai)(zai)實際推行過程(cheng)中(zhong)，仍然存(cun)在(zai)(zai)合同條款未完全(quan)考慮定(ding)價成本和服務價格涵蓋范圍(wei)、項(xiang)(xiang)目提標改造資(zi)金來(lai)源不明(ming)確等問(wen)題(ti)(ti)；部(bu)分(fen)項(xiang)(xiang)目監管不到位；項(xiang)(xiang)目土地(di)使用(yong)權問(wen)題(ti)(ti)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)爭(zheng)議(yi)；投(tou)資(zi)回報機(ji)制(zhi)與收入模(mo)式不健全(quan)；調(diao)價機(ji)制(zhi)不順暢等。

　　王鵬杰為此建(jian)議(yi)：完善PPP模式相關法(fa)律法(fa)規(gui)。進(jin)一步完善PPP 模式下的(de)(de)相關法(fa)律，制(zhi)定(ding)PPP項(xiang)目的(de)(de)審批流程和(he)管理程序(xu)，健全項(xiang)目退出(chu)機(ji)制(zhi)、糾紛處理機(ji)制(zhi)和(he)中(zhong)(zhong)長期預算機(ji)制(zhi)，規(gui)定(ding)信(xin)息披露(lu)、政(zheng)府(fu)監(jian)管與(yu)公眾參與(yu)制(zhi)度(du)等(deng)。明(ming)確(que)界定(ding)PPP項(xiang)目中(zhong)(zhong)相關不(bu)同(tong)部門的(de)(de)管理權限和(he)監(jian)管職責(ze)(ze)，規(gui)范政(zheng)府(fu)和(he)社會資本的(de)(de)責(ze)(ze)權利關系，保(bao)障(zhang)PPP項(xiang)目的(de)(de)運作效率和(he)管理機(ji)構(gou)的(de)(de)獨立性。在PPP項(xiang)目統一的(de)(de)規(gui)劃和(he)目標中(zhong)(zhong)，按照公平(ping)原則協(xie)調不(bu)同(tong)參與(yu)主體利益，明(ming)確(que)相關部門職責(ze)(ze)，建(jian)立政(zheng)府(fu)協(xie)調機(ji)制(zhi)，避免跨區(qu)域(yu)PPP項(xiang)目管理部門之間的(de)(de)沖突。

　　同(tong)(tong)時(shi)(shi)，建(jian)(jian)立(li)(li)PPP項(xiang)目多層次監管體(ti)系。建(jian)(jian)立(li)(li)政(zheng)(zheng)府、公眾(zhong)共同(tong)(tong)參與(yu)的綜合性(xing)評(ping)價(jia)(jia)體(ti)系，建(jian)(jian)立(li)(li)公開(kai)、公平、公正的PPP項(xiang)目信息發(fa)布機(ji)制，保證項(xiang)目信息的及時(shi)(shi)性(xing)和(he)準(zhun)確性(xing)。建(jian)(jian)立(li)(li)全面的項(xiang)目生命周期績(ji)(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)管理(li)機(ji)制，包括(kuo)項(xiang)目前績(ji)(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)目標設定、項(xiang)目中績(ji)(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)跟蹤(zong)和(he)項(xiang)目后績(ji)(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)評(ping)價(jia)(jia)，將政(zheng)(zheng)府付費、使用者付費與(yu)績(ji)(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)評(ping)價(jia)(jia)掛鉤，并將其評(ping)價(jia)(jia)結(jie)果作為(wei)調價(jia)(jia)的重要依據之一，維護公共利益(yi)。積極調動(dong)社會公眾(zhong)、新聞(wen)媒(mei)體(ti)等非政(zheng)(zheng)府的社會力量(liang)進(jin)行(xing)監督與(yu)評(ping)價(jia)(jia)，提高(gao)政(zheng)(zheng)府對(dui)項(xiang)目企業信息獲取的準(zhun)確性(xing)，形成政(zheng)(zheng)府、市場和(he)社會共同(tong)(tong)參與(yu)PPP項(xiang)目監管的局面。

　　王鵬杰還建(jian)(jian)議，建(jian)(jian)立有(you)(you)效的風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)分擔(dan)(dan)機制和(he)信用約束(shu)(shu)機制。一是建(jian)(jian)立有(you)(you)效的PPP項(xiang)目(mu)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)分擔(dan)(dan)機制。項(xiang)目(mu)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)由對(dui)該風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)最(zui)有(you)(you)控制力且控制成本最(zui)低的一方(fang)承擔(dan)(dan)，使(shi)得資源配(pei)置更有(you)(you)效率。按(an)照(zhao)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)與收(shou)益對(dui)等原則，在(zai)政府和(he)社會資本間合理分配(pei)PPP項(xiang)目(mu)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，政府應承擔(dan)(dan)土地(di)獲(huo)批風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、法律政策(ce)變(bian)更、項(xiang)目(mu)審批風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)等；社會資本則承擔(dan)(dan)項(xiang)目(mu)建(jian)(jian)設(she)、運營和(he)維護階段的風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)；雙(shuang)方(fang)需共同承擔(dan)(dan)通貨膨脹風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、匯率風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、利率風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、自然(ran)災害等不(bu)可抗力風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，確保收(shou)益與風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)相匹配(pei)。二是在(zai)PPP 項(xiang)目(mu)領域加快推進(jin)信用約束(shu)(shu)機制的建(jian)(jian)立，嚴格約束(shu)(shu)政企各方(fang)的失信行為，保障PPP 項(xiang)目(mu)持(chi)續(xu)性和(he)穩定性。