中(zhong)證網訊（記者(zhe) 彭揚 歐陽(yang)劍(jian)環(huan)）央行(xing)網站4月(yue)2日消(xiao)息，為(wei)完善我國系統(tong)重要性金融(rong)機構監(jian)管框架，明確(que)系統(tong)重要性銀行(xing)附加(jia)監(jian)管要求(qiu)(qiu)，人民銀行(xing)會同(tong)銀保監(jian)會起草了《系統(tong)重要性銀行(xing)附加(jia)監(jian)管規(gui)定（試行(xing)）（征求(qiu)(qiu)意見(jian)稿(gao)）》（下稱《附加(jia)監(jian)管規(gui)定》），現向社會公開(kai)征求(qiu)(qiu)意見(jian)。

　　提及(ji)制定(ding)《附(fu)加監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)》的必要(yao)(yao)(yao)性(xing)，《系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)性(xing)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)附(fu)加監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)（試行(xing)）（征求意見(jian)稿）》起草(cao)說(shuo)明表示，系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)性(xing)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)評(ping)(ping)估與監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)主要(yao)(yao)(yao)包(bao)括發(fa)布評(ping)(ping)估辦法(fa)、出臺附(fu)加監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)、確定(ding)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)性(xing)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)名單及(ji)差異化(hua)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)方案等工作。《附(fu)加監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)》是系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)性(xing)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的一般(ban)性(xing)框架，既考慮了(le)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)性(xing)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的國(guo)際(ji)慣例，也結合了(le)我國(guo)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)業的特點和實際(ji)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)，為(wei)確定(ding)不同組(zu)別(bie)和類(lei)型系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)性(xing)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)的具體監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)方案奠定(ding)基礎。2020年12月(yue)，《評(ping)(ping)估辦法(fa)》已由(you)人民銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)、銀(yin)(yin)(yin)保監(jian)(jian)會聯合發(fa)布。為(wei)平穩啟動(dong)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)性(xing)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)名單評(ping)(ping)估與后(hou)續監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)工作，需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)盡快出臺《附(fu)加監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)》。

　　起草說明表示，《附(fu)加(jia)(jia)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)規定》分為(wei)總則、附(fu)加(jia)(jia)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)要(yao)求、恢(hui)復(fu)與處(chu)置計劃、審慎(shen)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)、附(fu)則等五章，共二十(shi)二條。一是明確立法目的(de)和工作機制。明確系統重(zhong)要(yao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)附(fu)加(jia)(jia)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)要(yao)求，加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)宏觀審慎(shen)管(guan)(guan)理。人民銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)負責(ze)系統重(zhong)要(yao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)基(ji)本(ben)規則制定、監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測分析、并(bing)表監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)，會同(tong)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)保監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)會提出(chu)附(fu)加(jia)(jia)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)要(yao)求，牽頭銀(yin)(yin)(yin)保監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)會等單位組建(jian)危(wei)機管(guan)(guan)理小(xiao)組，組織審查系統重(zhong)要(yao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)恢(hui)復(fu)與處(chu)置計劃，開展可處(chu)置性(xing)(xing)(xing)評(ping)估。附(fu)加(jia)(jia)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)不取代銀(yin)(yin)(yin)保監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)會的(de)日常監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)職責(ze)。

　　二(er)是明(ming)確(que)附(fu)加(jia)(jia)監管要(yao)求。借鑒國(guo)際經驗(yan)，建(jian)立附(fu)加(jia)(jia)資(zi)本(ben)、附(fu)加(jia)(jia)杠桿率(lv)、流動性(xing)、大(da)額風險暴露等附(fu)加(jia)(jia)監管指(zhi)標體系(xi)(xi)(xi)。為(wei)鼓(gu)勵銀(yin)(yin)行(xing)降低系(xi)(xi)(xi)統性(xing)風險，避免引發(fa)道(dao)德風險，系(xi)(xi)(xi)統重(zhong)要(yao)性(xing)銀(yin)(yin)行(xing)第(di)(di)一(yi)組(zu)到第(di)(di)五(wu)組(zu)的銀(yin)(yin)行(xing)分(fen)別適用0.25%、0.5%、0.75%、1%和1.5%的附(fu)加(jia)(jia)資(zi)本(ben)要(yao)求。系(xi)(xi)(xi)統重(zhong)要(yao)性(xing)銀(yin)(yin)行(xing)需(xu)在進(jin)(jin)入名單(dan)或者得分(fen)變化導致組(zu)別上(shang)升后，經過一(yi)個完整(zheng)自(zi)然(ran)年度后的1月1日(ri)滿足要(yao)求。除第(di)(di)五(wu)組(zu)外，第(di)(di)一(yi)組(zu)到第(di)(di)四組(zu)組(zu)間的附(fu)加(jia)(jia)資(zi)本(ben)要(yao)求僅差0.25%，組(zu)內暫不設置差異(yi)化的附(fu)加(jia)(jia)資(zi)本(ben)要(yao)求。人民(min)銀(yin)(yin)行(xing)、銀(yin)(yin)保監會后續可以根(gen)據實(shi)際情況對附(fu)加(jia)(jia)資(zi)本(ben)要(yao)求進(jin)(jin)行(xing)調整(zheng)，報國(guo)務(wu)院金融穩(wen)定(ding)(ding)發(fa)展委員會審(shen)議后實(shi)施(shi)。需(xu)要(yao)說明(ming)的是，本(ben)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)中(zhong)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統重(zhong)要(yao)性(xing)銀(yin)(yin)行(xing)的附(fu)加(jia)(jia)資(zi)本(ben)要(yao)求與(yu)宏(hong)觀審(shen)慎評估(gu)（MPA）中(zhong)的附(fu)加(jia)(jia)資(zi)本(ben)要(yao)求不互相替代。

　　三是明(ming)確恢(hui)(hui)復(fu)與(yu)處(chu)置(zhi)計(ji)(ji)劃要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。將恢(hui)(hui)復(fu)計(ji)(ji)劃與(yu)處(chu)置(zhi)計(ji)(ji)劃（又稱“生前遺囑”）作(zuo)為系統(tong)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)性(xing)銀(yin)行(xing)附(fu)加監管(guan)的(de)一項重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)工(gong)具。恢(hui)(hui)復(fu)計(ji)(ji)劃需(xu)詳細說明(ming)銀(yin)行(xing)如何(he)從早期(qi)危機(ji)中(zhong)恢(hui)(hui)復(fu)，確保能(neng)在滿足事先設定(ding)(ding)的(de)觸發條件后啟動和(he)執(zhi)行(xing)。處(chu)置(zhi)計(ji)(ji)劃需(xu)詳細說明(ming)銀(yin)行(xing)如何(he)在無法(fa)持續經(jing)營時(shi)安全(quan)、快速、有效處(chu)置(zhi)，保障(zhang)關(guan)鍵業務和(he)服務不(bu)中(zhong)斷(duan)，避免引發系統(tong)性(xing)風(feng)(feng)(feng)險。在制定(ding)(ding)計(ji)(ji)劃時(shi)，系統(tong)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)性(xing)銀(yin)行(xing)要(yao)(yao)(yao)全(quan)面(mian)梳理(li)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)實體、關(guan)鍵業務和(he)自救(jiu)資源，增加總損失吸收能(neng)力的(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)，保障(zhang)機(ji)構擁有充足的(de)自救(jiu)資源。通過恢(hui)(hui)復(fu)與(yu)處(chu)置(zhi)計(ji)(ji)劃的(de)制定(ding)(ding)和(he)審查，系統(tong)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)性(xing)銀(yin)行(xing)要(yao)(yao)(yao)全(quan)面(mian)梳理(li)風(feng)(feng)(feng)險領域和(he)薄弱(ruo)環節，提高(gao)透明(ming)度、降低復(fu)雜(za)性(xing)，提高(gao)自救(jiu)能(neng)力，防范(fan)“大而(er)不(bu)能(neng)倒(dao)”風(feng)(feng)(feng)險。

　　四是明確(que)審慎(shen)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)要(yao)求。明確(que)系統重(zhong)要(yao)性銀(yin)(yin)行(xing)的(de)信(xin)息報送、風(feng)險(xian)數(shu)據加總和公司治(zhi)理要(yao)求，建(jian)立(li)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)合作(zuo)(zuo)與信(xin)息共享(xiang)機制。通(tong)過實施附加監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)，加強對(dui)系統重(zhong)要(yao)性銀(yin)(yin)行(xing)的(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)測分析、并表(biao)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)和壓力測試，評估(gu)信(xin)貸集中(zhong)度(du)(du)、復(fu)雜性、業務(wu)擴張速(su)度(du)(du)等關鍵指標(biao)，強化事前預(yu)警。人民(min)銀(yin)(yin)行(xing)可直(zhi)接向系統重(zhong)要(yao)性銀(yin)(yin)行(xing)作(zuo)(zuo)出(chu)風(feng)險(xian)提示(shi)，與銀(yin)(yin)行(xing)的(de)董事、高級管(guan)(guan)(guan)理人員進行(xing)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)談話，商銀(yin)(yin)保監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)會對(dui)銀(yin)(yin)行(xing)提出(chu)整改要(yao)求，并建(jian)議銀(yin)(yin)保監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)會采取審慎(shen)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)措施。