??3月26日，2024年中央部門預(yu)算(suan)集中向社會公開。就此，財政部有關負責人回答了記者(zhe)的提問。

??一、近年來我國預算公開總體進展如何？

??答：預(yu)算公開是(shi)深(shen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)財(cai)稅體(ti)制改革、健(jian)全現(xian)代預(yu)算制度(du)的(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要內容(rong)，是(shi)強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)預(yu)算管理、優化(hua)(hua)(hua)資源配置(zhi)、硬化(hua)(hua)(hua)預(yu)算約束、加強(qiang)財(cai)會監(jian)督的(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要舉(ju)措，是(shi)保障公眾(zhong)知(zhi)情權、強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)外部監(jian)督的(de)機制性安排，對推動實現(xian)國家治理體(ti)系和(he)治理能力現(xian)代化(hua)(hua)(hua)具有重(zhong)(zhong)要意義。

??黨(dang)中(zhong)央、國務(wu)院歷(li)來高度重視預(yu)算(suan)公開工作。黨(dang)的十(shi)九大提出(chu)“建立(li)全(quan)面規(gui)范(fan)透明(ming)、標準科學、約束有力(li)的預(yu)算(suan)制度”。黨(dang)的十(shi)九屆四中(zhong)全(quan)會要求(qiu)“完善標準科學、規(gui)范(fan)透明(ming)、約束有力(li)的預(yu)算(suan)制度”。《國務(wu)院關于進一步(bu)深(shen)化預(yu)算(suan)管(guan)理制度改革的意見(jian)》（國發〔2021〕5號）明(ming)確“增強財政透明(ming)度”。黨(dang)的二十(shi)大進一步(bu)提出(chu)“健(jian)全(quan)現代預(yu)算(suan)制度”。

??近年來，財政(zheng)部認(ren)真貫徹落(luo)實黨中(zhong)央、國務院決(jue)策部署，持續推(tui)動(dong)我國預(yu)算(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)取得新進(jin)(jin)展。一(yi)方面，不斷(duan)加強(qiang)頂層(ceng)設(she)計(ji)，完(wan)善預(yu)算(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)制(zhi)度(du)框架。通(tong)過推(tui)動(dong)修訂預(yu)算(suan)法及(ji)其實施條例，報請(qing)國務院印發關于(yu)深化預(yu)算(suan)管(guan)(guan)理制(zhi)度(du)改(gai)革(ge)的決(jue)定、關于(yu)進(jin)(jin)一(yi)步深化預(yu)算(suan)管(guan)(guan)理制(zhi)度(du)改(gai)革(ge)的意(yi)見，建立預(yu)算(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)的基本制(zhi)度(du)。報請(qing)中(zhong)辦(ban)、國辦(ban)印發關于(yu)進(jin)(jin)一(yi)步推(tui)進(jin)(jin)預(yu)算(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)工作的意(yi)見，明確預(yu)算(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)主要(yao)(yao)任務、具體(ti)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)等(deng)。另一(yi)方面，持續加大工作力度(du)，有序推(tui)進(jin)(jin)預(yu)算(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)工作。通(tong)過細化要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)、完(wan)善機制(zhi)、加強(qiang)考核等(deng)，組織做好中(zhong)央預(yu)算(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)，積極指導督促地方做好預(yu)算(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)，持續提(ti)升預(yu)算(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)的科學性、規范性和可獲(huo)得性。

??在(zai)(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)方面。一(yi)是中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)政(zheng)府(fu)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)。2009年(nian)(nian)(nian)首(shou)次公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)政(zheng)府(fu)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)，包括(kuo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)財(cai)政(zheng)收入預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)表(biao)(biao)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)財(cai)政(zheng)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)出(chu)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)表(biao)(biao)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)本(ben)級支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)出(chu)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)表(biao)(biao)以及中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)對(dui)地方稅(shui)收返還和(he)轉移支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)付預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)表(biao)(biao)等(deng)(deng)4張表(biao)(biao)。2010年(nian)(nian)(nian)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)政(zheng)府(fu)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)范圍拓展至一(yi)般公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)、政(zheng)府(fu)性基(ji)金預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)和(he)國有資(zi)本(ben)經營預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)等(deng)(deng)12張表(biao)(biao)。2018年(nian)(nian)(nian)，進一(yi)步將中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)社會(hui)保險基(ji)金預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)納入公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)范圍。2019年(nian)(nian)(nian)，新(xin)增公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)42個中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)對(dui)地方轉移支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)付項目(mu)分(fen)地區(qu)情(qing)況表(biao)(biao)。2022年(nian)(nian)(nian)，進一(yi)步擴大公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)范圍，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)46個中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)對(dui)地方轉移支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)付項目(mu)分(fen)地區(qu)情(qing)況表(biao)(biao)。二(er)是中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)(men)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)。2008年(nian)(nian)(nian)，選擇科技部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)等(deng)(deng)11個部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)(men)進行(xing)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)(men)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)內(nei)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)試點，將部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)(men)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)通(tong)過張貼、查閱(yue)等(deng)(deng)形(xing)式在(zai)(zai)單位內(nei)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)。2010年(nian)(nian)(nian)，印發(fa)指導(dao)意見，要求(qiu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)(men)落實預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)主體責任，及時(shi)主動公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)。當年(nian)(nian)(nian)共有78個中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)(men)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)(men)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)。2011年(nian)(nian)(nian)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)(men)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)(men)增加到(dao)(dao)96個，并首(shou)次向社會(hui)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)(men)“三公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)”經費(fei)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)。2013年(nian)(nian)(nian)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)(men)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)首(shou)次做到(dao)(dao)各部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)(men)集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)在(zai)(zai)1天內(nei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)。從2017年(nian)(nian)(nian)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)始，將各部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)(men)在(zai)(zai)本(ben)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)(men)網(wang)站上公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)的(de)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)(men)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)，在(zai)(zai)財(cai)政(zheng)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)(men)戶網(wang)站設(she)立的(de)“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)決算(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)平臺”上進行(xing)集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)展示。

??在地(di)(di)方(fang)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)方(fang)面。一是(shi)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)。2008年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)5月1日，《中華(hua)人民(min)共和國政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)信息公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)條例》正式(shi)施行。自此，各(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)始按照條例規(gui)定主(zhu)動(dong)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)信息。目(mu)前(qian)，各(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)都已(yi)主(zhu)動(dong)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)。財(cai)(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)在門(men)(men)(men)戶網(wang)站設立“省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)決(jue)算(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)專(zhuan)欄”，將各(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)平(ping)臺或(huo)專(zhuan)欄匯集在一起(qi)(qi)，以地(di)(di)圖鏈接的形式(shi)集中展(zhan)示。二是(shi)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)(men)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)。2008年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，財(cai)(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)出臺《關(guan)于(yu)進(jin)一步推進(jin)財(cai)(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)信息公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)的指導意(yi)見》，積極推進(jin)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)(men)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)，各(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)財(cai)(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)(men)也加大組織(zhi)指導。目(mu)前(qian)，各(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)均(jun)已(yi)向社會集中公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)經省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)財(cai)(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)(men)批復的部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)(men)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)。三是(shi)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)以下預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)。2013年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，財(cai)(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)印發《關(guan)于(yu)推進(jin)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)以下預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)決(jue)算(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)工(gong)作的通知》，指導地(di)(di)方(fang)推動(dong)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)以下預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)決(jue)算(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)。目(mu)前(qian)，地(di)(di)方(fang)各(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)均(jun)已(yi)經形成較為完(wan)善的預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)機制(zhi)，每年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)組織(zhi)向社會主(zhu)動(dong)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)和各(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)(men)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)。四是(shi)財(cai)(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)加強對(dui)(dui)地(di)(di)方(fang)的督促指導。從2015年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)起(qi)(qi)，連續多年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)在全(quan)國范圍(wei)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)展(zhan)地(di)(di)方(fang)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)決(jue)算(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)檢查。完(wan)善統(tong)(tong)計(ji)上(shang)報和考(kao)核機制(zhi)。每年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)定期統(tong)(tong)計(ji)地(di)(di)方(fang)各(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)、各(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)(men)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)情況，并將統(tong)(tong)計(ji)結果(guo)納入(ru)對(dui)(dui)地(di)(di)方(fang)財(cai)(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)的有關(guan)考(kao)核評價。目(mu)前(qian)，地(di)(di)方(fang)各(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)和各(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)(men)基本實現“應(ying)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)盡公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)”。據(ju)統(tong)(tong)計(ji)，地(di)(di)方(fang)各(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)2023年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)和2022年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)決(jue)算(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)率均(jun)為100%，省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、市(shi)、縣級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)(men)2023年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)和2022年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)決(jue)算(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)率均(jun)達到99%以上(shang)。

??二、請介紹一下2024年中央預算公開的基本情況。

??答(da)：2024年(nian)(nian)是中華人民共和國成立75周年(nian)(nian)，是實施“十(shi)四五”規劃(hua)目標(biao)任(ren)務的(de)(de)關鍵一年(nian)(nian)，做好(hao)預(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)公(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)工作意義重大，我們繼續堅持以公(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)為(wei)常態、不公(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)為(wei)例外(wai)，依法依規認真(zhen)組織開(kai)(kai)(kai)展預(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)公(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)。2024年(nian)(nian)公(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)的(de)(de)中央(yang)預(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)包括經十(shi)四屆(jie)全國人大二(er)次會(hui)議批(pi)準的(de)(de)中央(yang)政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)預(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)和中央(yang)部門(men)(men)預(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)。中央(yang)政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)預(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)由財政(zheng)(zheng)部公(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)。中央(yang)部門(men)(men)預(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)經財政(zheng)(zheng)部批(pi)復后(hou)，由各部門(men)(men)向社(she)會(hui)公(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)。

??中央(yang)(yang)政府(fu)預(yu)算(suan)(suan)公(gong)開內容(rong)涵蓋中央(yang)(yang)四(si)本預(yu)算(suan)(suan)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)、中央(yang)(yang)對地(di)方轉移(yi)(yi)支(zhi)付(fu)分(fen)地(di)區預(yu)算(suan)(suan)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)和有關說明(ming)。具(ju)體(ti)包(bao)括：一(yi)是(shi)中央(yang)(yang)一(yi)般(ban)公(gong)共預(yu)算(suan)(suan)、政府(fu)性基金(jin)預(yu)算(suan)(suan)、國有資本經營預(yu)算(suan)(suan)收(shou)支(zhi)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)及(ji)其變(bian)動(dong)說明(ming)；二是(shi)中央(yang)(yang)社會保險(xian)基金(jin)收(shou)、支(zhi)、余情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)；三是(shi)政府(fu)債務(wu)余額(e)限額(e)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)；四(si)是(shi)47個轉移(yi)(yi)支(zhi)付(fu)項目(mu)分(fen)地(di)區情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)及(ji)其說明(ming)。

??中央部(bu)(bu)門預(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)公開內容(rong)涵(han)蓋部(bu)(bu)門總(zong)體收支(zhi)(zhi)預(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)情(qing)況(kuang)、財(cai)(cai)政(zheng)撥款收支(zhi)(zhi)預(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)情(qing)況(kuang)以及重點事項(xiang)說明等(deng)。具體包括：一(yi)是部(bu)(bu)門收支(zhi)(zhi)總(zong)表(biao)(biao)(biao)、部(bu)(bu)門收入總(zong)表(biao)(biao)(biao)、部(bu)(bu)門支(zhi)(zhi)出(chu)總(zong)表(biao)(biao)(biao)、財(cai)(cai)政(zheng)撥款收支(zhi)(zhi)總(zong)表(biao)(biao)(biao)、一(yi)般公共預(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)支(zhi)(zhi)出(chu)表(biao)(biao)(biao)、一(yi)般公共預(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)基本支(zhi)(zhi)出(chu)表(biao)(biao)(biao)、政(zheng)府性基金預(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)支(zhi)(zhi)出(chu)表(biao)(biao)(biao)、國(guo)有(you)資本經(jing)營預(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)支(zhi)(zhi)出(chu)表(biao)(biao)(biao)、財(cai)(cai)政(zheng)撥款預(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)“三(san)公”經(jing)費(fei)支(zhi)(zhi)出(chu)表(biao)(biao)(biao)等(deng)9張報表(biao)(biao)(biao)。二是對預(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)收支(zhi)(zhi)增減變化(hua)、機關(guan)運(yun)行經(jing)費(fei)安排、“三(san)公”經(jing)費(fei)、政(zheng)府采購、國(guo)有(you)資產占用、預(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)績(ji)效管理、提(ti)交全國(guo)人(ren)大審議(yi)的(de)項(xiang)目等(deng)情(qing)況(kuang)予(yu)以說明，并對專業性較強的(de)名詞進(jin)行解釋。

??此外(wai)，為使公(gong)眾找(zhao)得到、看得懂(dong)、能監督，各部(bu)門的部(bu)門預(yu)算除在(zai)本部(bu)門網站公(gong)開外(wai)，繼續(xu)在(zai)財政(zheng)部(bu)門戶網站設立(li)的“中(zhong)央(yang)預(yu)決算公(gong)開平臺”集中(zhong)公(gong)開，方便(bian)人(ren)民群眾監督政(zheng)府財政(zheng)工作。

??三、請介紹一下2024年中央本級預算安排貫徹落實習慣過緊日子要求情況。

??答：2023年中(zhong)央經濟工作(zuo)(zuo)會議提出，黨政機關要習慣(guan)過緊日子，2024年政府工作(zuo)(zuo)報告強調各級政府要習慣(guan)過緊日子。財政部堅決(jue)(jue)貫徹(che)黨中(zhong)央國務院(yuan)決(jue)(jue)策部署(shu)，堅持將(jiang)習慣(guan)過緊日子作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)預算管理的指導方針，認真抓(zhua)好(hao)做好(hao)貫徹(che)落(luo)實。

??首先，集(ji)中財力保障(zhang)國(guo)家重大(da)(da)(da)戰(zhan)略任務。做到“大(da)(da)(da)錢(qian)大(da)(da)(da)方，小錢(qian)小氣”。2024年中央本級一般公共預(yu)算支出(chu)(chu)增長(chang)(chang)8.6%，扣除重點(dian)保障(zhang)支出(chu)(chu)后僅增長(chang)(chang)0.3%，其中重點(dian)保障(zhang)國(guo)防武警(jing)支出(chu)(chu)、科技教育支出(chu)(chu)、中央儲備支出(chu)(chu)、國(guo)債發(fa)行付息支出(chu)(chu)等支出(chu)(chu)項目。同時嚴控一般性(xing)支出(chu)(chu)，盡可能壓縮中央部門(men)支出(chu)(chu)，大(da)(da)(da)力推(tui)動各部門(men)調整優化支出(chu)(chu)結構，將資(zi)金用在刀(dao)刃上。

??其次，做好部門履職經(jing)費(fei)保(bao)障。堅持有壓有保(bao)，積極支(zhi)持各(ge)部門履職盡責，把該壓的(de)(de)堅決壓下來，把該保(bao)的(de)(de)保(bao)障到位，提高預(yu)算精準性。對于(yu)中(zhong)央(yang)單位人員(yuan)工(gong)資等(deng)支(zhi)出，按照定(ding)員(yuan)定(ding)額管理的(de)(de)要求，嚴格(ge)按照工(gong)資政策和人數安(an)排；對于(yu)必需(xu)的(de)(de)水電、物業(ye)、采暖等(deng)費(fei)用，制定(ding)完善公用經(jing)費(fei)實(shi)物定(ding)額標準，確(que)保(bao)相關支(zhi)出處于(yu)合理區間。

??再次(ci)，強(qiang)化預(yu)算約束防止(zhi)鋪張浪(lang)費。推動中央部門精簡不必(bi)要的(de)節慶、論壇和(he)展(zhan)會，更加節約高效地(di)舉辦會議(yi)(yi)、開展(zhan)培訓和(he)調研。從(cong)緊從(cong)嚴(yan)安排“三公(gong)”經費預(yu)算，實(shi)事求是保(bao)障合理需求。按(an)季(ji)評估中央部門過緊日子情況，將評估結(jie)果與預(yu)算安排掛(gua)鉤。積極盤活(huo)存量資(zi)(zi)產(chan)，加強(qiang)資(zi)(zi)產(chan)運(yun)行維(wei)護，推進資(zi)(zi)產(chan)共(gong)享(xiang)共(gong)用(yong)，對單位新增資(zi)(zi)產(chan)配置(zhi)加強(qiang)管理，防止(zhi)資(zi)(zi)產(chan)閑置(zhi)浪(lang)費。嚴(yan)格執(zhi)行會議(yi)(yi)差(cha)旅等(deng)費用(yong)開支標準，努(nu)力降低行政(zheng)運(yun)行成本。嚴(yan)控樓(lou)堂館所建設。

??下一(yi)(yi)步(bu)，財(cai)(cai)政部將按照(zhao)黨中央(yang)、國(guo)務院部署，始終嚴把支出關口，繼續加強“三公”經費預(yu)算管理(li)，督促中央(yang)部門(men)和地方財(cai)(cai)政履行主體責任(ren)，強化預(yu)算約束(shu)，嚴肅財(cai)(cai)經紀律(lv)，進一(yi)(yi)步(bu)落實(shi)好黨政機關習慣過緊(jin)日子(zi)的要求。

??答：績(ji)效(xiao)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)管理是(shi)全過程預算績(ji)效(xiao)管理的重要環節，推動績(ji)效(xiao)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)公開是(shi)增(zeng)強預算可讀性的重要舉(ju)措。近年來，財(cai)政部高度重視(shi)績(ji)效(xiao)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)管理工(gong)作，指導督(du)促中(zhong)央部門科(ke)學(xue)合理設定績(ji)效(xiao)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)，嚴格績(ji)效(xiao)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)審核，做好績(ji)效(xiao)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)公開。

??一是完善績效目(mu)標(biao)管(guan)理制度。制定(ding)(ding)印發《中央部門預(yu)算績效目(mu)標(biao)管(guan)理辦法》、《中央部門項(xiang)目(mu)支出核心績效目(mu)標(biao)和指標(biao)設置及取值(zhi)指引（試行）》等(deng)制度辦法，明確績效目(mu)標(biao)設定(ding)(ding)思路和原則，規范指標(biao)類型、設定(ding)(ding)要求、設定(ding)(ding)方法等(deng)。

??二是指導中央部門科學設(she)定績效(xiao)目標(biao)(biao)。通過培訓等多種方式，指導督(du)促(cu)中央部門落(luo)實績效(xiao)目標(biao)(biao)管理要求，提高績效(xiao)目標(biao)(biao)設(she)定質量，使績效(xiao)目標(biao)(biao)能夠涵(han)蓋(gai)政策與支出(chu)(chu)的(de)主體內容，體現項目主要產出(chu)(chu)和核(he)心效(xiao)果，與預算金額相匹配。

??三是加大(da)績(ji)效(xiao)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)審(shen)核(he)(he)力度。將績(ji)效(xiao)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)審(shen)核(he)(he)嵌入(ru)中央部門(men)預(yu)算編制(zhi)流程，在(zai)審(shen)核(he)(he)績(ji)效(xiao)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)形式完整性的(de)同(tong)時(shi)，強化(hua)對內容相關性、適(shi)當性、可行性的(de)審(shen)核(he)(he)，組(zu)織專家開展(zhan)績(ji)效(xiao)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)重點(dian)審(shen)核(he)(he)，將審(shen)核(he)(he)結果作為(wei)預(yu)算安排的(de)重要(yao)參考(kao)。

??四是做(zuo)好績(ji)效目(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)公(gong)(gong)開(kai)工作。自2017年起(qi)，持續推進績(ji)效目(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)公(gong)(gong)開(kai)工作。今年要求(qiu)公(gong)(gong)開(kai)部(bu)門預(yu)(yu)(yu)算的(de)中央部(bu)門，原則上應將一(yi)般公(gong)(gong)共(gong)預(yu)(yu)(yu)算一(yi)級項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)、政(zheng)府性基金預(yu)(yu)(yu)算項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)、國有資(zi)本經營預(yu)(yu)(yu)算項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)績(ji)效目(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)表(biao)按(an)照(zhao)不(bu)低于項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)數量(liang)60%的(de)比例向社會公(gong)(gong)開(kai)。

??下一(yi)步(bu)(bu)，財政部將繼續扎實做好(hao)績(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)目(mu)(mu)標(biao)管理工(gong)作，夯實部門和單(dan)位主體責(ze)任，強化績(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)目(mu)(mu)標(biao)審核，推進績(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)目(mu)(mu)標(biao)向社會公(gong)開，促進績(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)目(mu)(mu)標(biao)質量(liang)進一(yi)步(bu)(bu)提升。