新華社北京8月27日電　《中(zhong)共中(zhong)央(yang)關于進一步全面(mian)深化改革、推進中(zhong)國(guo)式現代化的(de)決定》提出：“建立(li)職務科技(ji)成(cheng)果(guo)資產(chan)單列管(guan)理制度”。通(tong)過科技(ji)成(cheng)果(guo)資產(chan)單列管(guan)理，建立(li)符(fu)合科技(ji)成(cheng)果(guo)轉化特征的(de)管(guan)理制度，將(jiang)進一步激發科技(ji)人(ren)員(yuan)成(cheng)果(guo)轉化積(ji)極性，更好保(bao)護國(guo)家利益和科研人(ren)員(yuan)合法權益，發揮科技(ji)成(cheng)果(guo)的(de)效益，促進加快形(xing)成(cheng)新質(zhi)生產(chan)力。

　　多年來，我國(guo)不斷加強科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)果(guo)轉化(hua)工作，修正(zheng)《中華人(ren)民共和國(guo)促(cu)進(jin)(jin)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)果(guo)轉化(hua)法》、印(yin)發《實施(shi)〈中華人(ren)民共和國(guo)促(cu)進(jin)(jin)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)果(guo)轉化(hua)法〉若(ruo)干(gan)規定(ding)(ding)》、制定(ding)(ding)《促(cu)進(jin)(jin)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)果(guo)轉移轉化(hua)行(xing)動方(fang)案》，形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)果(guo)轉化(hua)“三部(bu)曲”。出臺(tai)《賦予科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)研人(ren)員職(zhi)務科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)果(guo)所有權或長期(qi)使用權試點(dian)實施(shi)方(fang)案》，進(jin)(jin)一(yi)步(bu)下(xia)放科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)果(guo)管(guan)理(li)權限(xian)，在(zai)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)果(guo)管(guan)理(li)改(gai)革上邁出一(yi)大(da)步(bu)。科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)部(bu)、財政部(bu)等部(bu)門開(kai)展了職(zhi)務科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)果(guo)資產單(dan)列管(guan)理(li)試點(dian)，一(yi)些地方(fang)因地制宜進(jin)(jin)行(xing)了改(gai)革探索，取得(de)良好效果(guo)。

　　之所以(yi)要對(dui)職務科技(ji)(ji)成(cheng)果(guo)資(zi)(zi)產(chan)單列管理，主要是因(yin)為科技(ji)(ji)成(cheng)果(guo)具(ju)有不(bu)同于一般(ban)資(zi)(zi)產(chan)的(de)特征。一是科技(ji)(ji)成(cheng)果(guo)的(de)價(jia)格(ge)(ge)(ge)具(ju)有明顯的(de)時(shi)(shi)效性(xing)。如果(guo)沒有轉化(hua)，不(bu)僅價(jia)值得不(bu)到體現，大(da)部(bu)分(fen)科技(ji)(ji)成(cheng)果(guo)的(de)價(jia)格(ge)(ge)(ge)會(hui)隨著時(shi)(shi)間快速(su)衰減。科技(ji)(ji)成(cheng)果(guo)只有及時(shi)(shi)進入經濟領域，才能(neng)產(chan)生效益(yi)。二(er)是科技(ji)(ji)成(cheng)果(guo)僅表現出應(ying)用潛力，尚未(wei)真正走向市場，具(ju)有高度(du)(du)不(bu)確定性(xing)，對(dui)此難以(yi)通(tong)過評估(gu)確定科學、合(he)理、可(ke)信的(de)價(jia)格(ge)(ge)(ge)。科技(ji)(ji)成(cheng)果(guo)作價(jia)投資(zi)(zi)形(xing)成(cheng)股權(quan)的(de)價(jia)格(ge)(ge)(ge)往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)變化(hua)幅度(du)(du)巨(ju)大(da)，既有企業自身(shen)經營(ying)發展的(de)原因(yin)，也有市場需求變化(hua)的(de)影響(xiang)，股權(quan)價(jia)格(ge)(ge)(ge)變化(hua)不(bu)可(ke)控。三是科技(ji)(ji)成(cheng)果(guo)轉化(hua)風險較(jiao)大(da)，轉化(hua)過程包括中(zhong)試熟化(hua)、生產(chan)等(deng)不(bu)同階段，面(mian)臨諸多未(wei)知因(yin)素，轉化(hua)失敗率較(jiao)高。

　　職(zhi)(zhi)務(wu)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)果(guo)(guo)(guo)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產單(dan)列(lie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)改革包(bao)括兩個方(fang)面(mian)：一是轉(zhuan)(zhuan)化(hua)(hua)前(qian)對(dui)職(zhi)(zhi)務(wu)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)果(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)單(dan)列(lie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)，要(yao)建立職(zhi)(zhi)務(wu)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)果(guo)(guo)(guo)及(ji)其作價(jia)(jia)投(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)形成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)股(gu)(gu)權的(de)(de)單(dan)列(lie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)模式(shi)。二(er)是轉(zhuan)(zhuan)化(hua)(hua)后對(dui)職(zhi)(zhi)務(wu)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)果(guo)(guo)(guo)作價(jia)(jia)投(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)形成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)國(guo)(guo)有(you)股(gu)(gu)權的(de)(de)單(dan)列(lie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)，要(yao)簡化(hua)(hua)股(gu)(gu)權管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)方(fang)式(shi)，適應科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)果(guo)(guo)(guo)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)特點。當前(qian)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)果(guo)(guo)(guo)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)在(zai)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)果(guo)(guo)(guo)初始記(ji)賬和定(ding)價(jia)(jia)、成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)果(guo)(guo)(guo)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)化(hua)(hua)形成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)有(you)股(gu)(gu)權保值(zhi)(zhi)增(zeng)值(zhi)(zhi)考核和管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)等(deng)(deng)方(fang)面(mian)還存在(zai)一些(xie)問題，使得成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)果(guo)(guo)(guo)定(ding)價(jia)(jia)不(bu)準確，高校院所(suo)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)研人(ren)員和管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)人(ren)員對(dui)國(guo)(guo)有(you)股(gu)(gu)權的(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)有(you)較大顧慮(lv)，相關企業(ye)在(zai)后續融(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、并購、重(zhong)組(zu)等(deng)(deng)涉(she)及(ji)股(gu)(gu)權變動的(de)(de)事項(xiang)上(shang)，程序復雜，周期較長，不(bu)利于企業(ye)根(gen)據市場(chang)情況快速融(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、靈活決策，也影響科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)研人(ren)員積極性。因此，需要(yao)盡快建立符合(he)市場(chang)經濟規律以(yi)及(ji)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)果(guo)(guo)(guo)特征的(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)有(you)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)制度(du)(du)，解決科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)果(guo)(guo)(guo)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)與國(guo)(guo)有(you)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產保值(zhi)(zhi)增(zeng)值(zhi)(zhi)考核要(yao)求之間的(de)(de)矛(mao)盾，完(wan)善作價(jia)(jia)投(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)形成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)國(guo)(guo)有(you)股(gu)(gu)權的(de)(de)單(dan)列(lie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)機制。進一步縮短管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)鏈條、簡化(hua)(hua)審(shen)批流程，建立對(dui)職(zhi)(zhi)務(wu)科(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)果(guo)(guo)(guo)作價(jia)(jia)投(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)等(deng)(deng)方(fang)式(shi)形成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)有(you)股(gu)(gu)權劃轉(zhuan)(zhuan)、轉(zhuan)(zhuan)讓、退出(chu)、損失核銷等(deng)(deng)處置(zhi)制度(du)(du)以(yi)及(ji)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產評估備案、國(guo)(guo)有(you)產權登記(ji)等(deng)(deng)事項(xiang)的(de)(de)專門管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)制度(du)(du)。

　　通過單(dan)列管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)，能夠更(geng)好(hao)地(di)(di)(di)促進科(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)成(cheng)果轉化(hua)。單(dan)列管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)后，可以(yi)更(geng)切(qie)合(he)實際(ji)地(di)(di)(di)制(zhi)(zhi)定專(zhuan)門管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)制(zhi)(zhi)度和(he)(he)監管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)機制(zhi)(zhi)。一(yi)是在成(cheng)果轉化(hua)中，加(jia)強科(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)安全和(he)(he)科(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)倫(lun)理(li)(li)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)，特別是加(jia)強對涉(she)及國(guo)家(jia)秘密或出(chu)口管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)制(zhi)(zhi)成(cheng)果的(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)，更(geng)好(hao)保(bao)護相關領域國(guo)家(jia)安全。二(er)是更(geng)好(hao)地(di)(di)(di)強化(hua)成(cheng)果轉化(hua)全過程管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)，制(zhi)(zhi)定切(qie)實可行的(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)制(zhi)(zhi)度和(he)(he)監管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)機制(zhi)(zhi)，規范職務科(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)成(cheng)果轉化(hua)工作，簡(jian)化(hua)流程，提高(gao)轉化(hua)效(xiao)率，開展風險(xian)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)，更(geng)好(hao)地(di)(di)(di)保(bao)護國(guo)有資產。三是通過明確(que)科(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)成(cheng)果的(de)(de)歸屬和(he)(he)權(quan)益(yi)分(fen)配，提高(gao)對科(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)成(cheng)果轉化(hua)的(de)(de)信心和(he)(he)動力(li)，激勵科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)機構和(he)(he)科(ke)(ke)(ke)研(yan)人(ren)員更(geng)好(hao)地(di)(di)(di)開展科(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)成(cheng)果轉化(hua)，加(jia)快形成(cheng)新質生產力(li)。