中證網訊(xun)（記者(zhe) 彭(peng)揚(yang)）中國人民銀行(xing)有關(guan)部門負責(ze)人26日就《金融控股公司監督(du)管理(li)試行(xing)辦法（征求(qiu)意(yi)見稿）》（下稱《辦法》）答記者(zhe)問時表示，對金融控股公司嚴把市場(chang)準入關(guan)十分必要和迫切(qie)。

　　該負責人(ren)表示，主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)原(yuan)因在于：第一，這是加強金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)風險(xian)(xian)源頭管控(kong)的(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)舉(ju)措(cuo)。嚴(yan)把市場(chang)準入，尤其(qi)是設立(li)金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)控(kong)股公(gong)司(si)行(xing)政許可(ke)，使經(jing)營狀況良好、公(gong)司(si)治理規(gui)范、杠桿(gan)率水平適度、投(tou)資(zi)(zi)動機(ji)(ji)純正等符合(he)條件的(de)(de)(de)市場(chang)主(zhu)體可(ke)以(yi)設立(li)金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)控(kong)股公(gong)司(si)，依法(fa)合(he)規(gui)開展(zhan)經(jing)營；同時(shi)，嚴(yan)格市場(chang)準入，也使那(nei)些股權關系復雜且不透明、進(jin)行(xing)高杠桿(gan)投(tou)資(zi)(zi)、風險(xian)(xian)管控(kong)薄弱、擾亂金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)秩序的(de)(de)(de)違(wei)法(fa)違(wei)規(gui)者(zhe)無法(fa)將(jiang)金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)控(kong)股公(gong)司(si)作為平臺，干預金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)機(ji)(ji)構經(jing)營，套取金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)機(ji)(ji)構資(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)，積累(lei)金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)風險(xian)(xian)隱患。

　　第二，對金融(rong)控(kong)股公(gong)司(si)依(yi)法(fa)實(shi)施監管，需要(yao)嚴(yan)(yan)格市(shi)場準(zhun)入，設立明確(que)的行政許可，這(zhe)樣才能提高監管的權威性和有效性，嚴(yan)(yan)格規范金融(rong)控(kong)股公(gong)司(si)發(fa)展，及時糾正違(wei)法(fa)違(wei)規行為。

　　第三，這也符合國際通行做法和(he)監管(guan)(guan)改革趨(qu)勢。從國際監管(guan)(guan)實踐看，美國、日(ri)本、韓國等國家(jia)和(he)地(di)區都有金(jin)融控(kong)股(gu)公司的專門立法，明確(que)要求對金(jin)融控(kong)股(gu)公司實施(shi)市場準入監管(guan)(guan)，這體現了金(jin)融業(ye)是(shi)特許行業(ye)的理念。關于金(jin)融控(kong)股(gu)公司行政許可事項(xiang)，將依法由國務院(yuan)作出決定。

　　上(shang)述負責人稱，我國金(jin)融(rong)(rong)控(kong)(kong)股公司發展較快，有利于滿足各類(lei)企(qi)業(ye)和(he)消費者對(dui)多元化金(jin)融(rong)(rong)服務的需求，提升服務經(jing)濟高質(zhi)量(liang)發展的能力。但實(shi)踐中有一些(xie)金(jin)融(rong)(rong)控(kong)(kong)股公司，主(zhu)要(yao)是(shi)非金(jin)融(rong)(rong)企(qi)業(ye)投(tou)資(zi)形成的金(jin)融(rong)(rong)控(kong)(kong)股公司盲目向金(jin)融(rong)(rong)業(ye)擴張，存(cun)在監管(guan)真(zhen)空，風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)不斷(duan)累積和(he)暴露。主(zhu)要(yao)表現(xian)為：一是(shi)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)隔離機(ji)制(zhi)缺(que)失(shi)，金(jin)融(rong)(rong)業(ye)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)和(he)實(shi)業(ye)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)交(jiao)叉(cha)傳遞(di)。二是(shi)部(bu)(bu)分企(qi)業(ye)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)關系或受益(yi)關系復雜，風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)隱蔽(bi)性強。三是(shi)缺(que)少整(zheng)體資(zi)本約束，部(bu)(bu)分集(ji)團整(zheng)體缺(que)乏能夠抵御(yu)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)的真(zhen)實(shi)資(zi)本。四是(shi)部(bu)(bu)分企(qi)業(ye)不當(dang)干預(yu)金(jin)融(rong)(rong)機(ji)構經(jing)營，利用(yong)關聯(lian)交(jiao)易隱蔽(bi)輸(shu)送利益(yi)，損害金(jin)融(rong)(rong)機(ji)構和(he)投(tou)資(zi)者的權益(yi)。

　　“針對金融控(kong)股(gu)(gu)集團(tuan)(tuan)所(suo)涉(she)及業務種類多、股(gu)(gu)權結構復雜、關(guan)聯交(jiao)易(yi)風險(xian)高等特點，《辦法(fa)》確立了(le)宏觀(guan)(guan)審(shen)(shen)慎(shen)(shen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)、穿透監管(guan)(guan)(guan)、協調監管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)原(yuan)則。”上述負責人稱(cheng)，一是宏觀(guan)(guan)審(shen)(shen)慎(shen)(shen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)。遵循宏觀(guan)(guan)審(shen)(shen)慎(shen)(shen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)理(li)念，將金融控(kong)股(gu)(gu)集團(tuan)(tuan)視為一個(ge)整(zheng)體實施監管(guan)(guan)(guan)，對并表范圍內的(de)(de)公司治(zhi)理(li)結構、整(zheng)體資本和杠桿水平、關(guan)聯交(jiao)易(yi)、整(zheng)體風險(xian)敞(chang)口等方面進行(xing)全面持續管(guan)(guan)(guan)控(kong)，有效識(shi)別、計量、監測和控(kong)制金融控(kong)股(gu)(gu)集團(tuan)(tuan)的(de)(de)總體風險(xian)狀況。

　　二是穿(chuan)(chuan)透監管。針對金(jin)(jin)(jin)融控(kong)(kong)股公司結構復(fu)雜(za)的特點，強調(diao)對股權和(he)資(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)等的穿(chuan)(chuan)透監管，準確(que)識別實(shi)際控(kong)(kong)制人和(he)最終受(shou)益人，防(fang)止隱匿真實(shi)的控(kong)(kong)制關(guan)系；穿(chuan)(chuan)透核(he)查資(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)來源(yuan)真實(shi)性(xing)，包括投資(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)融控(kong)(kong)股公司的資(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)來源(yuan)，以及投資(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)融機構的資(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)來源(yuan)，防(fang)止虛(xu)假注(zhu)資(zi)(zi)、循環注(zhu)資(zi)(zi)。

　　三是(shi)協調監(jian)管(guan)(guan)。人民(min)銀行對(dui)符合《辦法(fa)》設立條(tiao)件的金融(rong)(rong)(rong)控(kong)股(gu)公(gong)司實施(shi)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)，金融(rong)(rong)(rong)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)部(bu)門(men)對(dui)金融(rong)(rong)(rong)控(kong)股(gu)公(gong)司所控(kong)股(gu)的金融(rong)(rong)(rong)機構實施(shi)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)。金融(rong)(rong)(rong)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)部(bu)門(men)對(dui)金融(rong)(rong)(rong)機構跨業(ye)投資控(kong)股(gu)形成的金融(rong)(rong)(rong)集團實施(shi)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)。在風險(xian)(xian)發生時，按照“誰(shui)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)、誰(shui)負責”原則(ze)，由相(xiang)應(ying)的監(jian)管(guan)(guan)主體牽(qian)頭(tou)開展風險(xian)(xian)處置工作。各部(bu)門(men)之間加強監(jian)管(guan)(guan)合作和信息(xi)共享，共同防范好金融(rong)(rong)(rong)控(kong)股(gu)集團和金融(rong)(rong)(rong)集團的風險(xian)(xian)。