上證(zheng)報(bao)中國證(zheng)券網(wang)訊 據銀保(bao)監(jian)會5月12日消息(xi)，2020年，面對(dui)嚴(yan)峻(jun)復雜的國內外形(xing)勢特別是新冠肺(fei)炎疫(yi)情的嚴(yan)重沖擊，中國銀保(bao)監(jian)會堅決(jue)貫徹落實黨中央、國務院(yuan)決(jue)策部署，努力克服疫(yi)情的不利影響，深化保(bao)險(xian)(xian)業償付能(neng)力監(jian)管改革(ge)，積極防范化解重點公司和(he)重點領(ling)域(yu)風險(xian)(xian)，沉(chen)著有(you)力應對(dui)各種風險(xian)(xian)挑戰。保(bao)險(xian)(xian)業全年運行穩健(jian)，償付能(neng)力指(zhi)標保(bao)持在合理(li)區間，風險(xian)(xian)總體(ti)可控。

　　對于2021年(nian)重點(dian)工作(zuo)安(an)排，銀保監會計劃今年(nian)上半(ban)年(nian)發(fa)布償二代二期(qi)工程20項(xiang)監管規則，積極推(tui)動出(chu)臺(tai)保險(xian)公司發(fa)行無(wu)固定(ding)期(qi)限資本(ben)補(bu)充債券等新型(xing)資本(ben)補(bu)充工具(ju)相關政策，強化(hua)償付(fu)能力(li)監管剛性(xing)約束。

　　具體情況如下：

　　一、2020年償付能力監管主要工作(zuo)情況(kuang)

　　（一(yi)）防范(fan)化(hua)解(jie)重點公司風(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)。一(yi)是在黨中央、國務院領導下(xia)，有序處(chu)置重點公司風(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)。結束對安(an)邦(bang)保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)集團的接(jie)管(guan)(guan)；依(yi)法接(jie)管(guan)(guan)4家明天系高(gao)(gao)風(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)機構。二是積極化(hua)解(jie)部分保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)公司償(chang)付(fu)(fu)能力風(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)。對于償(chang)付(fu)(fu)能力充足(zu)率不達標(biao)(biao)的公司，采取約談股(gu)東(dong)、責(ze)令增加資本金、停止接(jie)受新業務、限制高(gao)(gao)管(guan)(guan)薪(xin)酬水平等監管(guan)(guan)措施。2020年(nian)末，1家公司償(chang)付(fu)(fu)能力已(yi)重新達標(biao)(biao)。對于風(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)較大的重點關(guan)注(zhu)公司，進行風(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)提示、監管(guan)(guan)談話21家次，督促公司整改風(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)問(wen)題。

　　（二）防范(fan)化(hua)解(jie)重(zhong)點領域風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。一(yi)是(shi)(shi)加強(qiang)互聯網保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)業(ye)(ye)務(wu)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)，出(chu)臺《互聯網保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)業(ye)(ye)務(wu)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)辦法》，及時清除風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)隱患。二是(shi)(shi)加強(qiang)信(xin)用保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)證保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)業(ye)(ye)務(wu)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)，修訂出(chu)臺《信(xin)用保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)和(he)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)證保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)業(ye)(ye)務(wu)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)辦法》，對(dui)高風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的融(rong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)性信(xin)用保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)證保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)業(ye)(ye)務(wu)開展重(zhong)點風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)排(pai)查(cha)(cha)。三(san)是(shi)(shi)強(qiang)化(hua)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)資(zi)(zi)(zi)金運(yun)用監(jian)(jian)管(guan)，出(chu)臺《保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)資(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)管(guan)理(li)(li)產(chan)品(pin)管(guan)理(li)(li)暫(zan)行(xing)辦法》等部門規章和(he)規范(fan)性文(wen)件，全面加強(qiang)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)資(zi)(zi)(zi)管(guan)產(chan)品(pin)和(he)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)資(zi)(zi)(zi)管(guan)機構監(jian)(jian)管(guan)。四是(shi)(shi)進行(xing)公司(si)(si)治(zhi)理(li)(li)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)專項(xiang)整治(zhi)。發布(bu)《健全銀(yin)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)業(ye)(ye)公司(si)(si)治(zhi)理(li)(li)三(san)年(nian)行(xing)動方(fang)案（2020－2022年(nian)）》；首次(ci)開展覆(fu)蓋全部保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)機構的公司(si)(si)治(zhi)理(li)(li)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)評(ping)估。五是(shi)(shi)防范(fan)資(zi)(zi)(zi)本不足(zu)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。支(zhi)持保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公司(si)(si)通過市場化(hua)方(fang)式(shi)補充(chong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)本1044億(yi)元(yuan)，其中(zhong)18家(jia)(jia)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公司(si)(si)股(gu)東增資(zi)(zi)(zi)264億(yi)元(yuan)，20家(jia)(jia)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公司(si)(si)發行(xing)資(zi)(zi)(zi)本補充(chong)債券780億(yi)元(yuan)。六(liu)是(shi)(shi)從嚴查(cha)(cha)處(chu)(chu)(chu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)業(ye)(ye)違(wei)法違(wei)規行(xing)為。2020年(nian)共作出(chu)行(xing)政(zheng)處(chu)(chu)(chu)罰(fa)(fa)決定2084件，處(chu)(chu)(chu)罰(fa)(fa)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公司(si)(si)1226家(jia)(jia)次(ci)，處(chu)(chu)(chu)罰(fa)(fa)責(ze)任人員1674人次(ci)，警(jing)告1992家(jia)(jia)/人次(ci)，處(chu)(chu)(chu)罰(fa)(fa)金額合(he)計(ji)2.6億(yi)元(yuan)。

　　（三）強化償(chang)付能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)風險(xian)分(fen)析(xi)和(he)監測預(yu)警(jing)。一是(shi)每季度召(zhao)開償(chang)付能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)監管委員會工作(zuo)會議(yi)，分(fen)析(xi)研判保險(xian)業償(chang)付能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)和(he)風險(xian)狀(zhuang)況，持續(xu)跟蹤疫情(qing)對(dui)保險(xian)業的影響(xiang)。二是(shi)加強償(chang)付能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)風險(xian)分(fen)析(xi)監測預(yu)警(jing)。組織開展償(chang)付能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)壓力(li)(li)測試和(he)流動性風險(xian)壓力(li)(li)測試，評估保險(xian)公司風險(xian)底數和(he)承壓能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)。

　　（四）加強(qiang)償(chang)二(er)代第三支柱監管。一(yi)是(shi)定(ding)期對保險公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)償(chang)付(fu)能(neng)力(li)(li)信(xin)息(xi)(xi)公(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)披(pi)(pi)露情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)非現場核查，先后(hou)責令30家償(chang)付(fu)能(neng)力(li)(li)信(xin)息(xi)(xi)披(pi)(pi)露存(cun)在(zai)問(wen)題的保險公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)改正，對9家問(wen)題突出的保險公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)進行(xing)行(xing)業通報(bao)。二(er)是(shi)組織保險公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)償(chang)付(fu)能(neng)力(li)(li)信(xin)息(xi)(xi)公(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)披(pi)(pi)露和信(xin)用評(ping)級等監管規則執行(xing)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)自查。三是(shi)積極與專業媒體、證(zheng)券分析師等相(xiang)關方開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)線上線下(xia)償(chang)付(fu)能(neng)力(li)(li)信(xin)息(xi)(xi)交(jiao)流。

　　（五）推進償付(fu)(fu)能(neng)(neng)力(li)監(jian)管(guan)交流(liu)合(he)作(zuo)(zuo)。一是(shi)在內(nei)地(di)與(yu)香(xiang)港償付(fu)(fu)能(neng)(neng)力(li)監(jian)管(guan)等效框(kuang)架(jia)下，延長香(xiang)港地(di)區再(zai)保(bao)險信用風險因子方案適用期限，支持粵港澳大灣(wan)區建設。二是(shi)積極(ji)參與(yu)國際(ji)保(bao)險監(jian)管(guan)規則制定(ding)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，組織和指導相關保(bao)險集團參加國際(ji)保(bao)險資(zi)本標準（ICS）監(jian)測期定(ding)量測試工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)。

　　（六）全(quan)面推(tui)進(jin)償二(er)(er)(er)代(dai)(dai)二(er)(er)(er)期工程(cheng)建(jian)設。一(yi)是在總結(jie)償二(er)(er)(er)代(dai)(dai)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)近5年實(shi)(shi)踐經驗基礎上，會同人民銀行完(wan)(wan)成了(le)《保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)公司(si)(si)償付(fu)(fu)能(neng)力管(guan)理(li)規(gui)定(ding)》的修(xiu)訂(ding)工作(zuo)(zuo)。二(er)(er)(er)是對(dui)償二(er)(er)(er)代(dai)(dai)具體監(jian)管(guan)規(gui)則進(jin)行全(quan)面修(xiu)訂(ding)，起草了(le)20項償付(fu)(fu)能(neng)力監(jian)管(guan)規(gui)則修(xiu)訂(ding)稿(gao)（征求意(yi)見稿(gao)）。通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)完(wan)(wan)善(shan)重疾保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)監(jian)管(guan)標(biao)準、利率風(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)計(ji)量(liang)方法等(deng)，推(tui)動保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)業(ye)進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)回歸(gui)保(bao)(bao)(bao)障本(ben)源。通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)提(ti)高長期股權(quan)投(tou)資、投(tou)資性房地(di)(di)產(chan)的資本(ben)要求，降(jiang)低農業(ye)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)、綠色債券的資本(ben)要求等(deng)，引導(dao)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)公司(si)(si)專注(zhu)主業(ye)、更(geng)好地(di)(di)服(fu)務實(shi)(shi)體經濟。通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)夯實(shi)(shi)資本(ben)質(zhi)量(liang)、對(dui)資產(chan)風(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)穿透計(ji)量(liang)、全(quan)面校準風(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)因子等(deng)，真實(shi)(shi)反映風(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)狀(zhuang)況，防止資本(ben)無序擴(kuo)(kuo)張(zhang)。通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)修(xiu)訂(ding)再(zai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)交(jiao)易對(dui)手(shou)違約(yue)(yue)風(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)因子，支持保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)業(ye)擴(kuo)(kuo)大對(dui)外開放。通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)完(wan)(wan)善(shan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)公司(si)(si)償付(fu)(fu)能(neng)力風(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)理(li)標(biao)準、新增資本(ben)規(gui)劃監(jian)管(guan)要求等(deng)，促進(jin)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)公司(si)(si)提(ti)高風(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)理(li)能(neng)力。通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)提(ti)高保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)公司(si)(si)償付(fu)(fu)能(neng)力信息披露(lu)要求，增強透明度，更(geng)好地(di)(di)發揮市(shi)場約(yue)(yue)束機(ji)制的作(zuo)(zuo)用。

　　二、2020年保險業償付能(neng)力總體狀況

　　（一(yi)）保(bao)費(fei)收入(ru)保(bao)持正增(zeng)長(chang)。2020年(nian)，在全(quan)球保(bao)費(fei)增(zeng)長(chang)率為-1.4%的(de)情(qing)況下(xia)，我國(guo)保(bao)險(xian)(xian)業原保(bao)險(xian)(xian)保(bao)費(fei)收入(ru)4.5萬億(yi)元，同比增(zeng)長(chang)6.1%；其中，財(cai)產險(xian)(xian)業務保(bao)費(fei)收入(ru)1.2萬億(yi)元，同比增(zeng)長(chang)2.4%；人身險(xian)(xian)業務保(bao)費(fei)收入(ru)3.3萬億(yi)元，同比增(zeng)長(chang)7.5%。

　　（二）外(wai)資(zi)(zi)保險機構(gou)(gou)資(zi)(zi)本流入加(jia)快。2020年(nian)，外(wai)資(zi)(zi)保險機構(gou)(gou)實(shi)收資(zi)(zi)本同比增(zeng)加(jia)102.1億元(yuan)，增(zeng)速為(wei)9.9%，超過中資(zi)(zi)保險機構(gou)(gou)6.4個百分點(dian)；實(shi)際資(zi)(zi)本同比增(zeng)加(jia)463億元(yuan)，增(zeng)速為(wei)13.9%，超過中資(zi)(zi)保險機構(gou)(gou)1.7個百分點(dian)；市場份額為(wei)7.8%，較(jiao)2019年(nian)提高0.6個百分點(dian)。

　　（三）償(chang)(chang)付(fu)(fu)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)充足率指(zhi)標保持(chi)在(zai)合理(li)區(qu)間。2020年末，納入償(chang)(chang)付(fu)(fu)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)監管委員會審議的(de)178家保險公(gong)司的(de)實際資(zi)本(ben)為(wei)5.1萬億(yi)元，同比(bi)增長12.4%；最(zui)低資(zi)本(ben)為(wei)2.1萬億(yi)元，同比(bi)增長13%；凈利潤為(wei)3143億(yi)元，同比(bi)增長1%；平均綜合償(chang)(chang)付(fu)(fu)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)充足率為(wei)246.3%，同比(bi)下降(jiang)1.4%；平均核心償(chang)(chang)付(fu)(fu)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)充足率為(wei)234.3%，同比(bi)下降(jiang)2.5%。人(ren)身險公(gong)司、財產(chan)險公(gong)司、再保險公(gong)司的(de)平均綜合償(chang)(chang)付(fu)(fu)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)充足率分(fen)別(bie)為(wei)239.6%、277.9%和319.3%。

　　（四）風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)綜(zong)合(he)評級結(jie)果保持穩(wen)定。2020年保險(xian)(xian)業風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)綜(zong)合(he)評級結(jie)果顯(xian)示：風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)小(xiao)的(de)(de)A類(lei)公(gong)司為(wei)100家(jia)，風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)較小(xiao)的(de)(de)B類(lei)公(gong)司為(wei)71家(jia)，風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)較大的(de)(de)C類(lei)公(gong)司為(wei)3家(jia)，風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)嚴重的(de)(de)D類(lei)公(gong)司為(wei)3家(jia)。

　　三、2021年重(zhong)點工(gong)作安排

　　中(zhong)國銀(yin)保監會將(jiang)以習近平新(xin)時(shi)代中(zhong)國特色社會主(zhu)義思想為指導，立足新(xin)發展階段，貫(guan)徹新(xin)發展理念，構建新(xin)發展格局，做好“十四五(wu)”規劃開局之年的償付能力(li)監管工作，推(tui)動保險業高質量發展。

　　(一(yi))發(fa)布《保險(xian)公(gong)(gong)司(si)償(chang)付能力管理(li)規(gui)定》和償(chang)二(er)代二(er)期工程各項監(jian)管規(gui)則(ze)，做好實施(shi)準(zhun)備工作。今年1月(yue)，中國銀保監(jian)會正式(shi)發(fa)布《保險(xian)公(gong)(gong)司(si)償(chang)付能力管理(li)規(gui)定》，計劃今年上半(ban)年發(fa)布償(chang)二(er)代二(er)期工程20項監(jian)管規(gui)則(ze)。中國銀保監(jian)會將制定過渡期政策，組織監(jian)管系(xi)統和全(quan)行業做好實施(shi)準(zhun)備工作。

　　（二）拓展(zhan)保(bao)險(xian)公(gong)司(si)資本補充渠道。積極推動出臺保(bao)險(xian)公(gong)司(si)發行無固定期限資本補充債券等新型資本補充工具(ju)相關政策。

　　（三）優化償(chang)付(fu)能力監(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)機(ji)制。調整監(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)職責(ze)分工，壓實屬(shu)地監(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)職責(ze)，發揮銀保監(jian)局“貼身監(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)”優勢，形(xing)成銀保監(jian)會與銀保監(jian)局上下聯動的監(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)機(ji)制。

　　（四）強(qiang)化償(chang)付能(neng)力監(jian)(jian)管剛性(xing)(xing)約(yue)束。一是繼(ji)續(xu)加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)重(zhong)點公司和(he)(he)重(zhong)點領域(yu)風(feng)險(xian)(xian)監(jian)(jian)測和(he)(he)防范，加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)監(jian)(jian)管措(cuo)施的(de)針(zhen)對性(xing)(xing)。二是提(ti)升(sheng)償(chang)付能(neng)力風(feng)險(xian)(xian)監(jian)(jian)測的(de)數字化和(he)(he)智能(neng)化水平，增強(qiang)監(jian)(jian)測的(de)敏感性(xing)(xing)、及時性(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)可靠性(xing)(xing)。三是堅持(chi)做好償(chang)二代(dai)第三支柱(zhu)相(xiang)關監(jian)(jian)管工作，不斷發揮市場約(yue)束機制作用。

　　（五）加強(qiang)償(chang)付(fu)能(neng)力監管(guan)交流合(he)作。一(yi)是持續推(tui)進償(chang)付(fu)能(neng)力監管(guan)國際合(he)作。更(geng)新與(yu)香(xiang)港的(de)(de)等效評估工(gong)作框(kuang)架協議；延長對香(xiang)港的(de)(de)過(guo)渡(du)期便利政策(ce)；拓展(zhan)監管(guan)等效評估的(de)(de)國家(jia)或地區(qu)。二是繼(ji)續參與(yu)國際監管(guan)規(gui)則(ze)制定，組織行業參加國際保險(xian)資本標準（ICS）監測(ce)期測(ce)試，為(wei)償(chang)付(fu)能(neng)力監管(guan)國際規(gui)則(ze)的(de)(de)制定提供中國經驗和中國方(fang)案。