中國銀保(bao)監會網(wang)站6月(yue)8日消(xiao)息，銀保(bao)監會制定了《銀行保(bao)險(xian)機構(gou)公司(si)治(zhi)理(li)準則》，自印(yin)發之(zhi)日起施行。業(ye)內人士表示(shi)，《準則》有(you)利于健全銀行保(bao)險(xian)機構(gou)公司(si)治(zhi)理(li)機制，進一步提升公司(si)治(zhi)理(li)科學性和有(you)效性，推動(dong)銀行業(ye)保(bao)險(xian)業(ye)實現(xian)更(geng)高質量(liang)發展，促進金融(rong)更(geng)好服務構(gou)建(jian)新發展格局。

　　強化治理機制運行規范性

　　《準則》共11章117條，包括總則、黨(dang)的領導、股東與股東大會(hui)、董(dong)事與董(dong)事會(hui)、監事與監事會(hui)、高級管理層、利益相關者(zhe)與社會(hui)責任、激勵約(yue)束機制、信息披(pi)露(lu)、風險(xian)管理與內部控制、附(fu)則。

　　《準則》明確(que)了各治理(li)主(zhu)體的(de)職(zhi)責，強(qiang)化(hua)了治理(li)機(ji)制(zhi)運行的(de)規范性，重點包括：明確(que)股(gu)東(dong)的(de)權(quan)利義務、股(gu)東(dong)大會(hui)的(de)職(zhi)權(quan)、股(gu)東(dong)大會(hui)會(hui)議及(ji)(ji)表決等相(xiang)關規則；強(qiang)調董(dong)事(shi)特(te)別是獨立董(dong)事(shi)的(de)選任、職(zhi)責及(ji)(ji)履職(zhi)保障，明確(que)董(dong)事(shi)會(hui)及(ji)(ji)其專(zhuan)門委員會(hui)的(de)組成(cheng)、職(zhi)權(quan)及(ji)(ji)會(hui)議表決等要求；規范監(jian)事(shi)選任履職(zhi)及(ji)(ji)監(jian)事(shi)會(hui)、高管(guan)層(ceng)的(de)設置(zhi)和運行；要求銀行保險機(ji)構(gou)完善激勵約束機(ji)制(zhi)，健全信息披露制(zhi)度與機(ji)制(zhi)，加強(qiang)風險管(guan)理(li)與內(nei)部(bu)(bu)控(kong)制(zhi)及(ji)(ji)內(nei)外部(bu)(bu)審計。

　　銀(yin)(yin)(yin)保(bao)(bao)監會(hui)(hui)有(you)關部(bu)門負(fu)責人(ren)介紹(shao)，《準(zhun)則(ze)》適用于中華人(ren)民共和國(guo)境(jing)內依(yi)法設立的(de)股份(fen)有(you)限(xian)公(gong)司(si)(si)形式的(de)商業(ye)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)、保(bao)(bao)險(xian)公(gong)司(si)(si)，包(bao)括國(guo)有(you)大(da)型商業(ye)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)、全國(guo)性(xing)股份(fen)制商業(ye)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)、城市商業(ye)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)、民營銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)、農村商業(ye)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)、外資銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)、保(bao)(bao)險(xian)集團（控(kong)股）公(gong)司(si)(si)、財產保(bao)(bao)險(xian)公(gong)司(si)(si)、再(zai)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)公(gong)司(si)(si)、人(ren)身保(bao)(bao)險(xian)公(gong)司(si)(si)。公(gong)司(si)(si)組織形式為有(you)限(xian)責任公(gong)司(si)(si)的(de)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)機構(gou)及(ji)中國(guo)銀(yin)(yin)(yin)保(bao)(bao)監會(hui)(hui)負(fu)責監管的(de)其他金(jin)融(rong)機構(gou)參照(zhao)適用。

　　為實施差異化監管預留空間

　　上述負(fu)責人(ren)介紹，《準則(ze)》在(zai)為(wei)銀(yin)行業保(bao)險(xian)業提供共同(tong)遵循的(de)(de)公司治(zhi)理(li)基礎制度的(de)(de)同(tong)時，充分考慮了不(bu)同(tong)類型銀(yin)行保(bao)險(xian)機構的(de)(de)差(cha)異(yi)性，為(wei)實施差(cha)異(yi)化監管預(yu)留了空間。

　　從機(ji)構(gou)組織形(xing)式看(kan)(kan)，《準(zhun)則》適(shi)用于股份有(you)限公(gong)司形(xing)式的(de)(de)商(shang)業銀(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)、保(bao)險公(gong)司，有(you)限責(ze)任公(gong)司形(xing)式的(de)(de)銀(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)保(bao)險機(ji)構(gou)以(yi)及銀(yin)(yin)保(bao)監(jian)會(hui)監(jian)管(guan)的(de)(de)其他金融機(ji)構(gou)參照(zhao)適(shi)用。從條(tiao)文內容看(kan)(kan)，在(zai)條(tiao)款設計(ji)上，針對行(xing)(xing)業特點(dian)予以(yi)區分(fen)，有(you)的(de)(de)條(tiao)款僅(jin)適(shi)用于商(shang)業銀(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)，例(li)如，商(shang)業銀(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)股東(dong)授信逾期的(de)(de)，應(ying)限制其相關股東(dong)權利(li)；有(you)的(de)(de)條(tiao)款僅(jin)適(shi)用于保(bao)險公(gong)司，例(li)如，保(bao)險公(gong)司董事會(hui)應(ying)當(dang)根據監(jian)管(guan)要求設立資產(chan)負債(zhai)管(guan)理(li)委員會(hui)。從監(jian)管(guan)導向(xiang)看(kan)(kan)，《準(zhun)則》第七條(tiao)設專門條(tiao)款規定：監(jian)管(guan)機(ji)構(gou)可以(yi)根據銀(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)保(bao)險機(ji)構(gou)的(de)(de)不(bu)同類(lei)(lei)型(xing)及特點(dian)，對其公(gong)司治理(li)開展差異化(hua)監(jian)管(guan)。下一步(bu)，銀(yin)(yin)保(bao)監(jian)會(hui)還將(jiang)推動針對不(bu)同類(lei)(lei)型(xing)銀(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)保(bao)險機(ji)構(gou)制定差異化(hua)監(jian)管(guan)的(de)(de)有(you)關細則，進(jin)一步(bu)提(ti)升銀(yin)(yin)行(xing)(xing)保(bao)險機(ji)構(gou)公(gong)司治理(li)水平。

　　該負(fu)責人(ren)說(shuo)，《準(zhun)則(ze)》設置了專(zhuan)門章節規(gui)范獨(du)(du)(du)立(li)(li)董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)事(shi)(shi)(shi)履職(zhi)及保障(zhang)機制，并(bing)突出(chu)強調(diao)了獨(du)(du)(du)立(li)(li)董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)事(shi)(shi)(shi)的獨(du)(du)(du)立(li)(li)性(xing)、專(zhuan)業性(xing)要求。例(li)如(ru)，已(yi)經提名(ming)非(fei)獨(du)(du)(du)立(li)(li)董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)事(shi)(shi)(shi)的股東及其(qi)關聯人(ren)不(bu)(bu)得再(zai)提名(ming)獨(du)(du)(du)立(li)(li)董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)事(shi)(shi)(shi)；為保障(zhang)獨(du)(du)(du)立(li)(li)董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)事(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)足夠時(shi)間(jian)和(he)精(jing)力有(you)效(xiao)履行(xing)(xing)職(zhi)責，明(ming)確(que)(que)一名(ming)自然人(ren)最多同時(shi)在五家境內外(wai)(wai)(wai)企業擔任(ren)獨(du)(du)(du)立(li)(li)董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)事(shi)(shi)(shi)；獨(du)(du)(du)立(li)(li)董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)事(shi)(shi)(shi)因(yin)故不(bu)(bu)能(neng)親自出(chu)席董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)事(shi)(shi)(shi)會的，不(bu)(bu)能(neng)委托非(fei)獨(du)(du)(du)立(li)(li)董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)事(shi)(shi)(shi)代(dai)為出(chu)席；對獨(du)(du)(du)立(li)(li)董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)事(shi)(shi)(shi)在一家銀行(xing)(xing)保險機構累計任(ren)職(zhi)時(shi)間(jian)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)了限定，以(yi)(yi)避(bi)免因(yin)任(ren)職(zhi)時(shi)間(jian)過(guo)長影響其(qi)獨(du)(du)(du)立(li)(li)性(xing)。《準(zhun)則(ze)》借鑒(jian)國(guo)際公司治理(li)良好實(shi)踐，創新了獨(du)(du)(du)立(li)(li)董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)事(shi)(shi)(shi)會議(yi)機制，銀行(xing)(xing)保險機構獨(du)(du)(du)立(li)(li)董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)事(shi)(shi)(shi)可以(yi)(yi)推選一名(ming)獨(du)(du)(du)立(li)(li)董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)事(shi)(shi)(shi)，負(fu)責召(zhao)集由獨(du)(du)(du)立(li)(li)董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)事(shi)(shi)(shi)參加的專(zhuan)門會議(yi)，研究履職(zhi)相關問題。在外(wai)(wai)(wai)部監(jian)(jian)事(shi)(shi)(shi)相關規(gui)則(ze)上(shang)，《準(zhun)則(ze)》明(ming)確(que)(que)了外(wai)(wai)(wai)部監(jian)(jian)事(shi)(shi)(shi)的定義，并(bing)明(ming)確(que)(que)銀行(xing)(xing)保險機構監(jian)(jian)事(shi)(shi)(shi)會成(cheng)員(yuan)中，外(wai)(wai)(wai)部監(jian)(jian)事(shi)(shi)(shi)的比例(li)不(bu)(bu)得低于三分之(zhi)一，以(yi)(yi)更好地發揮外(wai)(wai)(wai)部監(jian)(jian)事(shi)(shi)(shi)的作用。